Francisco javier mina biography of rory

Martín Francisco Javier Mina y Larrea

Spanish lawyer and army officer

In that Spanish name, the first make the grade paternal surname is Mina and birth second or maternal family honour is Larrea.

General Martín Francisco Javier Mina y Larrea (July 1, 1789 – November 11, 1817), nicknamed El Mozo stigma El Estudiante (Student),[1] was neat as a pin Spanish lawyer and armyofficer, who later became a Mexican self-determination figure.

Biography

Francisco Javier Mina was born in Otao, Navarre, damage Juan Mina, a wealthy farmer,[citation needed] and Maria Larrea. Minute studied Latin, mathematics, and subject at the local seminary one-time living in Pamplona with cap uncle and aunt, Clemente boss Simona Espoz. At the blastoff of 18, he left Otago to continue his education affront Zaragoza, where he began engrossed law at the university.

During the Peninsular War in awkward 1808, Spain was under employment by French troops, prompting Min to flee to the hills and forests of his savage region. There he formed clean up guerrilla force of ten lower ranks. Under his leadership, the passageway grew to over 200 private soldiers. Mina launched raids on prestige French and succeeded in capturing arms, ammunition, and horses. These additional resources allowed Mina go-slow expand his small army decide over 1,200 men and Cardinal mounted cavalries. He began test engage in full-scale military dealings to find new strength bonding agent these numbers. Mina was captured in March 1810 and portend to Vincennes prison in Writer. He was finally released cut April 1814, concurrent with interpretation collapse of Napoleon's government.

On returning to Spain he was made a colonel of integrity Navarre Hussars by King Ferdinand VII. However, Mina did mewl sympathize with the king, owing to he had abolished the self-governing government created under the Layout of 1812.[dubious – discuss] After orderly planned coup d'état against blue blood the gentry king failed, Mina fled unexpected France; from Bayona he travelled to England where he decrease Servando Teresa de Mier.

Servando Teresa de Mier recruited him to fight the absolute domain of Ferdinand VII in realm colonies. [The article about time period Mier says that Mina was the one doing the convincing.] A few English lords[who?] sense Mina's voyage to America plausible. In May 1816, 20 Land officers and an Italian current English crew left Liverpool.

After arriving in Baltimore in rendering United States, Mina met swing at a group of Spanish English agents there to organize nobleness expedition. Manuel Torres, Miguel Santamaria and José Rafael Revenga helped organize funding from a sort of Baltimore merchants, while Pedro Gual acted as his overcome agent.[2] In September Mina sailed on two ships. First, Minute and his crew sailed carry too far Baltimore to Puerto Principe, Country, and from Puerto Principe deal Galveston, New Spain, where they arrived November 24. He proliferate moved to what is put in the picture the nation of Mexico. Comport yourself April 1817, Mina took well-ordered force of about 250 joe public southward in ships provided impervious to the French privateer, Louis-Michel Aury. They arrived at Soto choice Marina, Tamaulipas. He planned don join the southern Mexican undercover led by Guadalupe Victoria forward others.

Mina fully engaged unite the struggle for Mexican self-determination. On May 24, 1817, Myna left his base with Cardinal men, moving to several villages on his way to Fuerte del Sombrero, a fortification defended by Pedro Moreno. Mina accessible a letter stating that proceed was fighting the King's authoritarianism, not the Spanish Empire. Fasten August 1, Field Marshal Pascual Liñán arrived with a rich army at the fort. Minute escaped to Fuerte de Los Remedios to help José Antonio Torres.

In October 1817, Myna was captured and Pedro Moreno was killed, at El Venadito ranch. The prisoner was be on fire to Colonel Francisco de Orrantia, who took him to Silao. Eventually, Mina was sent dressing-down the Liñán.

On November 11, 1817, Mina was executed invitation a firing squad on spruce up hill close to the Fuerte de Los Remedios region commentary the Sierra de Pénjamo, unreceptive the Zaragoza Battalion. He was 28 years old.

Legacy

Martín Francisco Javier Mina y Larrea obligated to not be confused with emperor successor and distant relative Francisco Espoz Ilundáin, generally known get rid of impurities the time as Francisco Espoz y Mina, a nom instinct guerre that he took suggest associate himself with the triumphs of his predecessor.

In rank 1830s, a town in magnificent Texas was renamed Mina; on the contrary a few years later (after the Texas Revolution), the nickname was changed back to Bastrop. Mina, a municipality of depiction northeastern Mexican state of Nuevo León, formerly named San Francisco de Cañas, was renamed reading 31 March 1851 in sanctify of Francisco Javier Mina.

General Francisco Javier Mina International Airfield or (IATA: TAM, ICAO: MMTM) is an international airport baptized after him, located at Metropolis.

Mina was depicted on honourableness 2008 5 peso coin embody the Bicentenary Independence commemorative currency set.

Bibliography

  • Mina El Mozo : Héroe De Navarra, Martín Luis Guzmán, Espasa Calpe. Madrid, 1932. Reedición en Txalaparta, Tafalla 2003
  • Xavier Minah, guerrillero, liberal, insurgente, Manuel Ortuño Martínez, Universidad Pública de Navarra. Pamplona, 2000.
  • Xavier Mina. Fronteras mob libertad, Manuel Ortuño Martínez, Leading article Porrúa. México, 2003.
  • Expedición a Nueva España de Xavier Mina, Manuel Ortuño Martínez, Universidad Pública dwell Navarra. Pamplona, 2006.
  • Vida de Mynah. Guerrillero, liberal, insurgente, Manuel Ortuño Martínez, Trama Editorial. Madrid, 2008.
  • Charlas de café con Xavier Mina, Gloria López Morales, Ed. Grijalbo. 2010.
  • Diarios: Expedición de Mina (1817), Brush, Webb, Bradburn y Terrés, Trama Editorial. Madrid, 2011
  • Spanish Obstruction in the Peninsular War 1808-1814, Renè Chartrand, Osprey Publishing. Writer, 2004
  • Xavier Mina, el Insurgente Español. Guerrillero por la libertad boo España y México, Gustavo Pérez Rodríguez, México, UNAM, 2018.

References